Notes /pages 123 - 131)

• 319 57. Ibid., p. 132. 58. Ibid., p. 139. 59. Sir Joshua Hassan, The Treaty of Utrecht and the Jews of Gibraltar (Lon

don, 1970). 60. For an early example, see F. Babinger, " 'Bajezid Osman' (Calixtus

Ottomanus), ein Vorl?ufer und Gegenspieler Dschem-Sultans," La

Nowpelle Clio 3(1951): 349 - 88. 61. There is a considerable literature on Jem and his adventures in

Europe, notably L. Thuasne, Djen-Sultan: Etude sur la question d'Orient a la fin du XV siècle (Paris, 1892); and LH. Ertaylan, Sultan Cem (Istanbul, 1951). The Turkish memoirs were published under the title, Vakiat-i Sultan Cem (Istanbul, 1330 A.H.). See further, El 2. , s.v. "Djem," (H. Inalak). For a collection of letters addressed to the sultan on this subject, see J. Lefort, Documents grawes dans les Archives de

Topkap? Sarayi. Contribution à l'histoire de Cem Sultan (Ankara, 1981). 62. Vakiat, pp. 10 - 11. 63. ?erafettin Turan, "Barak Reis'in, ?ehzade Cem meselesiyle ilgili

olarak Savoie 'ya g?nderilmesi," Belleien 26, no. 103 (1962): 539 - 55; V.L. Ménage, "The Mission of an Ottoman Secret Agent in France

in 1486," Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (1965): 112 - 32. 64. S. Skilliter, "The Sultan's Messenger, Gabriel Defrens: An Otto

man Master-Spy of the Sixteenth Century," Weiner Zeitschrift fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes, ed. A. Tietze, vol. 68 (Vienna, 1976), pp.

47 - 59. 65. Umari, ed. M. Amari, "Al-'Umari, Condizioni degli stati Cristiani

dell' Occidente secondo una relazione di Domenichino Doria da Genova", Athi R. Acad Line. Mem., 11(1883): text p. 15, trans. p. 87.

Hereafter cited as Umari (Amari). 66. Mehmed Said, p. 25; French transl., pp. 34 - 35 67. Vasif, in Cevdet, 4: 349. 68. Azmi, p. 12. 69. A.W. Kinglake, Esthen (London, n.d.), pp. 9 - 11. 70. I'ti??m al-Din, see C. A. Storey, Persian Literature, vol. 1, pt. 2, p.

1142. Cf. English transl., J. E. Alexander, Mirza tesa Modern (London,

1827). 71. Masir-i Talibi ya Sefarnama-i Mirza Ab Talib Kh?n, ed. H. Khadiv

Jam (Tehran, 1974); cf. English trans., C. Stewart, Travels of Mirza Abu Talib Khan ... (London, 1814). Also see Storey, Persian Literature, 1,

pt. 2, pp. 878 - 79. 72. Seyyid Ali's report was published by Ahmed Refik in Tarih-i Osmani

Encümeni Mecmuasi, 4(1329/1911) 1246 ff, 1332 ff, 1378 ff, 1458 ff, 1548 ff. See further M, Herbette, Une Ambassade 7 NICHE Sous le Directoire, Paris, 1902.