مراجع باللغة الانجليزية و الفرنسية

Arburry, A. J., (1970).

Sufism: an account of the mystics of Islam.

New York: Harper & Row.

The Encyclopaedia of Islam (New Edition), B. Lewis, CH. Pellat and J. Schacht (ed.'s). Vol. II (C- G). Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1965.

(Futuwwa), pp, 961 - 969, by: FR. Taeschner.

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Makdisi, George, (1963).

Ibn 'Aqil et la Resurgence de l' Islam Traditionalist AU XIe SIECLE (Ve siecle de l' Hegire).

Damas: Institut Francais de Damas.

Muhamad, Abdul Munim Rashad, (1963).

The Abbaside Caliphate (575/ 1179 - 656/ 1158).

Unpublished thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The School of Oriental and African Studies, The University of London (SOAS), London.

Saunders, J. J., (1965).

A History of Medieval Islam.

London & New York: Routledge.

Trimingham, J. S., (1965).

Islam in The Sudan.

London: Frank Cass & Co. Ltd.

Trimingham, J. Spencer, (1971).

The Sufi Orders in Islam.

London: Oxford University Press.

الموسوعات و الدوريات و المجلات العربية و المترجمة

* الآلوسي، عادل، (1973).