7 - Gerar Chaliand, A People Without A country, The Kurde is Kurdistan, (London: Zed Books

Ltd, 1993).

8 - The Kurdish tragedy, 2 ed, Books LTD, (London and Newjersey: 1994). 9 - Haddon. C., Races of man, (London: 1926), P.96.

10 - Hakan Ozoglu, Kurdish notables and the Ottoman State: evolving identities, competing loyalties and shifting boundaries, (SUNY Press: 2004).

11 - Harry N. Howard, The Partition of Turkey 1913 - 1923, (New York: 1966).

12 - James Dobbins et. Al., After The war: Nation-Building from FRT to Goorgew. Bush, (U.S.A.: RAND, 2008).

13 - The Beginner's Guide to Nation-Building (Santa Monica: RAND, 2007).

14 - Jonathan C. Randal, After such know ledge, what forgiveness? My encounters with Kurdistan, (West View Press, USA, 1999).

15 - Kerim Yildiz, Tan yei B. Taysi, The Kurds In Iran The Past, Present and Futuer, (London: Pluto Press, 2007).

16 - Liam Anderson and Gareth Stansfield, the future of Iraq: Dictatorship, Democracy, OR Divison?, (New York: Palgrave Macmillin, 2004).

17 - Maria T. Oshea, (Trapped between the map and reality: Geography and perception of Kurdistan), (Routledge, New York, London, 2004).

18 - Morris Williams, The Heritage illustrated dictionary of the English language, (New York: 1973).

19. Naazneen H. Barma, Failed State, in: Mark Bevir(ed), Encyclopedia of Governance, (sage Publications, London, 2007).

20 - Peter Sluglett, Britain in Iraq, 1914 - 1932, (London: Ithaca press, 1976). - Periodicals:

1 - Geoffrey f. Gresh, "Iranian Kurds in an Age of Globolisation", Iran and the Caucasus, Vol.13, 2001.

2 - Hashem Ahmadzadeh and Gareth Stansfield "The Political, Cultural, and Military REAwakening of The Kurdish Nationalist Movement in Iran", Middle East Journal, Vol.64, no.1, (Winter, 2010).

3 - Henri J. Barkey, Preventing Conflict over Kurdistan, (Washington: Carnegie Endowment for International peace, 2009).

4 - International Crises Group, Iraq is the Kurds: Resolving the Kirkuk crises, Middle East report, no. 64, April 2007.

5 - Jonathan Monten, Strategies of Democracy Promotion in U.S. Foreign Policy, A dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences in Partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Philosophy in Government, Washington D.C., Sep. 25, 2006,

6 - Kurds agree to postpone independence referendum”, The Star, September 5, 2014